Virtual Memory:
Page Tables and translation in general
Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) and its use
Integrating TLB, cache, and virtual memory
Physically-indexed versus virtually-indexed cache
Cache coherency and incoherency -- definition, examples
Snooping protocols

I/O Devices and Storage:
Different ways to measure performance: throughput, response time
Dependability, reliability, and availability-- definitions and measuring
(including MTTF, MTBF, AFR, etc)
Disk structure
Disk performance costs: seek time, controller overhead, rotational delay, transfer time
Flash storage properties
Buses: types, synchronous versus asynchronous
Bus advantages and disadvantages

Interfacing I/O Devices to the Processor, Memory, and OS:
Memory-mapped I/O versus special I/O instructions
Polling
Interrupt driven I/O: identifying interrupts, handling, masking
DMA -- operations, performance, interaction with virtual memory
RAID -- definitions of RAID 0,1,3

Multiprocessor:
Definitions
Amdahl's Law
Amdahl Effect
Scaling
Load Balancing